Sumário:Purpose of rules of evidence in the common law approach : Mirjan Damaska's three pillars of the common law of evidence. Common law of evidence v. arbitrator's free evaluation of evidence -- Arbitration built on the underlying premise of diversity : Legal tradition of international commercial arbitration and cultural changes. Culture of inclusion favoring diversity and new equity.

Sumário:Systemic, institutional and strategic reasons for arbitrator's discretion : Civil law and common law approaches to presentation of evidence. Guidelines on the taking of evidence in international arbitration. Party stipulation and party participation in evidentiary issues --